Analysis of Low-Temperature Cold Start of Fuel Cell Vehicles

To break through the bottleneck of cold start technology of fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) in extreme environments, this paper conducts a working condition test on a certain type of fuel cell passenger vehicle, and monitors the energy flow dynamics in real time through a high-precision data acquisition system, and the system verification shows that the power of the stack exceeds 10kW within 100 seconds, and the thermal management system effectively breaks the icing, realizing the rapid activation of “low-temperature icing state-stable power generation”. The low-speed section successfully coped with the start-stop fluctuation, the medium-speed section maintained a stable output of 20-50kW, and the high-speed section reached 70kW transient peak power, verifying the reliability of hydrothermal management and hydrogen synergy of the stack. The fuel cell is the core power source, and the power battery realizes dynamic compensation through “peak shaving and valley filling”, and the power matching error of the system under all working conditions is controllable. This study confirms that the comprehensive performance of FCV at extremely low temperature meets the requirements of the national standard, and provides key technical support for the commercialization of severe cold areas.