Risk Assessment of Highway Engineering Construction Safety Reliability Based on Two-Dimensional Cloud Model-Bayesian Network

In response to the difficulty of quantifying the fuzziness and randomness of safety risks in highway engineering construction using traditional methods, which leads to insufficient reliability, this study proposes a risk assessment method for highway engineering construction safety reliability based on the two-dimensional cloud model and Bayesian network. An assessment system containing 4 categories and 18 indicators was constructed using the Delphi method, a fault tree model was established and transformed into a Bayesian network. Based on the risk matrix method, a two-dimensional cloud model was constructed and the comprehensive cloud of bottom events was calculated. By assessing the occurrence probability of the bottom events and the severity of their consequences, the a priori probabilities of the risk indicators were calculated. Bidirectional inference in the Bayesian network was then used to determine the probability of the top event and identify key factors.