Factors Shaping Female Representation in STEM Career in Nigeria

The underrepresentation of females in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines remains a significant concern in many parts of the world and Nigeria is not an exception. This paper investigates the multifaceted factors influencing the representation of females in STEM disciplines within the Nigerian context by drawing upon existing literature and statistical data. The study employs a quantitative method to investigate the relationship between STEM and female participation. Using random sampling technique, 139 secondary students in Nigeria was selected as our respondents. The data collection was administered through a self-monitored questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the relationship between STEM and female participation by investigating the various socio-cultural, educational, and institutional factors that could have an impact on the participation of women in STEM careers. This study confirms that several factors such as societal perceptions of gender roles, geographical region, influence from family, parents’ level of education and significantly influences female’s participation in STEM careers within the Nigeria context. Additionally, the paper examines potential strategies and interventions to address these challenges and promote gender equity and inclusivity in STEM fields. This study’s findings underscore the importance of targeted initiatives at multiple levels at both local and national levels – to foster a supportive environment for female’s participation and advancement in STEM disciplines in Nigeria. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on gender diversity in STEM and offers valuable insights for policymakers, educators, employers, and advocates working towards gender equality in science and technology disciplines in Nigeria and beyond.