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September 10, 2025Open Access

Undrained effective stress-based stability analyses of natural slopes considering formation history effects

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Undrained stability assessments show critical safety factors differ between drained and undrained methods, suggesting flaws in common practices.

Undrained assessments indicate unsafe conditions, with safety factors often below one, while drained evaluations suggest stability.
Analysis reveals drained stability is generally more critical than undrained stability, opposing common practices in Norway.
A viscoplastic constitutive model was developed to account for geological history effects, implemented using finite element code.
Evaluations indicate that gradual gravitational loading highlights the role of excess pore water pressure in natural slope stability.

Dadras-Ajirlou et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Undrained stability assessments show critical safety factors differ between drained and undrained methods, suggesting flaws in common practices.