Coarctation of the Aorta: A Comprehensive Review of Literature

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a congenital cardiovascular disorder characterized by the narrowing of the aorta, leading to obstructed blood flow and secondary systemic hypertension. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of CoA, including its pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment approaches. A comprehensive review of the literature is included to evaluate advancements in medical and surgical interventions, prognosis, and long-term outcomes. Special attention is given to emerging research, genetic factors, and innovations in imaging and treatment methodologies.