Articulación Universidad, Empresa y Estado, en ecosistemas de ciencia, tecnología, innovación: revisión sistemática con metodología prisma

The Triple Helix configuration of University, Business, and State (UBS) is based on academic sector approaches that have promoted countries' economic and social development, structured around the knowledge society pillars. Consequently, the impact of UBS articulation in Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) ecosystems was reviewed systematically using the PRISMA methodology, evaluating 72 articles and selecting 48 that met the inclusion criteria. The identified importance of innovation, innovation ecosystems, public policies, and entrepreneurship in articulating STI ecosystems. The results highlighted the need to promote technological development, international competitiveness, and research and development (R&D), alongside the coordination and articulation of resources between the public and private sectors. Strategies were proposed to strengthen STI ecosystems, including goal setting and monitoring, promoting strategic sectors, and adapting financial instruments. Additionally, challenges like defining roles among stakeholders, implementing policy reforms, and the need for strong and continuous governance were identified. These findings suggest key action areas to consolidate STI ecosystems and promote sustainable development at regional, national, and international levels.