Mediación laboral en Ecuador: revisión crítica del marco normativo, formación y cultura mediadora

Labor mediation in Ecuador faces limitations of access, mediator culture, specialized training and insufficient regulations that affect its consolidation. In this sense, a qualitative, retrospective and bibliographic-documentary approach was used, supported by the systematic review of academic literature, content analysis and current legal regulations. The main findings show that mediation is effective in resolving conflicts quickly, economically and in a participatory manner, fostering dialogue, co-responsibility and social peace in the work environment; however, challenges persist, such as unequal access to mediation services, poor mediation culture, lack of specialized training for operators and the lack of a more detailed regulatory framework. Thus, the discussion suggests that, although significant progress has been made, it is necessary to strengthen mediation through legal reform strategies, institutional decentralization, digitalization of the service, certification of mediators, promotion of the mediator culture and establishment of evaluation systems. It is concluded that labor mediation should be consolidated as a central instrument of social justice in Ecuador, contributing to a more accessible, equitable and sustainable development-oriented labor system.