Correlation of Salivary Sodium, Potassium and Glucose Levels with Severity of Periodontitis in Diabetic Patients

Aim Correlation of salivary sodium, potassium and glucose levels with severity of periodontitis in diabetic patients.  Materials and Methods Study group consists of 60 patients in which 20 were known diabetic patients with periodontitis in group I,20 patients with periodontitis and without diabetes mellitus in group II,20 non-diabetic patients without periodontitis in group III.  Results In this study elevation of salivary glucose in diabetic with periodontitis and periodontitis groups was observed when compared to control group. Elevation of salivary sodium and potassium were also observed when compared to control group. There was no co-relation observed in salivary glucose levels in diabetic with periodontitis and periodontitis groups. Significant association of periodontal index with elevated HbA1c levels was observed. Also significant co-relation between periodontal index and elevated salivary potassium in diabetic group with periodontitis was observed .Inverse relation was seen in between salivary sodium, periodontal index and salivary sodium in periodontitis group And there was no correlation observed between periodontal index and salivary glucose levels in all the groups. Radiovisiography (RVG) showed more than 3mm of bone loss in diabetic group with periodontitis.  Conclusion Our study showed that in diabetic patients with periodontitis variations in the levels of salivary sodium, potassium and glucose have a significant association with periodontal disease and saliva can be used as reliable diagnostic tool for the assessment of the same.