Analysis of lipid infiltration patterns in macrovesicular type steatosis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Macrovesicular steatosis is a common liver pathology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Detection and quantitative assessment of specific markers of macrovesicular transformation of liver tissue of common carp will allow to optimize methods of prevention and therapeutic correction of this pathology in conditions of intensive aquaculture, which is of significant economic importance for the fish farming industry. The aim of the work was to conduct a quantitative analysis of lipid infiltration patterns in macrovesicular steatosis in common carp (Cyprinus Carpio). The study used 20 common carp individuals weighing 800-900 g, grown at the JSC "Fish Nursery" in the Voronezh Region. To simulate the acute phase of inflammation, the aquatic organisms were divided into 2 groups: the control group (n=10) and the experimental group (n=10) contained in an aquatic environment with the addition of copper sulfate II (CuSO4*5H2O) at a concentration of 60 mg/l in terms of the metal ion. Biological material from the studied individuals from each group (n=10) will be collected 56 hours after the start of the experiment. To confirm fatty degeneration, sections were made from the selected liver samples on a freezing microtome, which were stained with a composite dye of Sudan III and scarlet red to identify neutral fats in hepatocytes. All stained preparations were enclosed in a water-soluble glycerin-gelatin medium and also viewed under a light microscope. Quantitative analysis shows the predominance of fatty inclusions over the functional parenchyma of the liver, which disrupts the functioning of the organ. A combined approach combining classical histological methods with modern quantitative analysis may be effective for diagnosing fish liver pathologies and is recommended for implementation in veterinary laboratories.