Road Infrastructure Adopting Siderurgical and Ornamental Stone Industruial Residues

The integration of industrial residues such as steel slag (SS) into rorad construction have been presenting significant opportunities for enhancing infrastructure performance and sustainability. Similarly, ornamental stone processing residue (OSR) might tread the same engineering and scientific path of the SS. Advances in industrial residue (IR) characterization, including detailed measurement of its component levels, enable the development of targeted IR utilization strategies that may reduce project life cycle cost, reduce the use of natural raw materials (NRM), and enhance engineering properties of construction geomaterials. This work aim to demonstrate and correlate the use of OSR and SS in enhancing the sustainability and performance of road infrastructure applications, reviewing details of the transformation of these residues from waste streams into valuable components for highway and road engineering. The discussion encompasses the examination of the physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics of SS and OSR, especially mixed with soils for geotechnical applications, underpinning their suitability for earthworks, soil stabilization, fills, and incorporation into base, sub-base, and pavement layers. The review covers a general view of the impact of OSR and SS on geotechnical properties such as density, plasticity, and strength, as well as their performance as a filler or aggregate substitute. By synthesizing current knowledge and the current practical applications, this paper demonstrates the engineering viability and the importance of integrating OSR into road construction, as well as SS is currently integrated, thereby addressing waste management challenges, conserving natural resources, and advancing sustainable development in geotechnical infrastructure projects.