Research on construction workers’ job well-being and unsafe state: From the perspective of Maslow hierarchy of needs

To enhance construction workers' job well-being and reduce unsafe behaviors, this paper introduces Maslow hierarchy of needs theory. It deeply analyzes the intrinsic relationship between construction workers' job well-being and their unsafe conditions (both psychological and physiological states) and establishes a framework for understanding how job well-being impacts unsafe conditions. An indicator system for factors affecting construction workers' job well-being is constructed based on 5 dimensions: living conditions, working conditions, rights protection, safety development (stress), and career advancement. The DEMATEL-ISM model is utilized to identify key influencing factors and explore the hierarchical structural relationships among these factors. The results indicate a direct correlation between the level of job well-being among construction workers and their unsafe conditions. Key factors impacting job well-being include income, safety assurance, working environment, working hours, and work-related stress, which warrant focused attention.