Rapeseed seed collapse products: separation and quality assessment

Relevance . Obtaining high-quality rapeseed products is an integral part of the implementation of effective technologies for processing rapeseed seeds. Among the methods of preliminary preparation of seed material for further use, collapse stands out, which ensures the separation of the shell and the core. The aim of the work was to study in laboratory conditions various modes of crushing rapeseed seeds and their subsequent fractionation with the release of a protein-fat component in the form of a crushed core and shells. The methodology . The object of research is 00–type spring rape seeds that meet the requirements of GOST 10583-76 (Russia). The experiments included an analysis of the technological parameters of the collapse process operations: crushing → sieve separation → pneumatic separation. In a separate experiment, the effectiveness of photoseparation of crushed material was studied. The biochemical assessment of the collapse products was carried out in accordance with the current regulatory and methodological documents, mathematical processing was carried out using the MS Excel (USA) application software package. Results . It was determined that the collapse of rapeseed seeds, while optimizing operating modes, allows for the yield (more than 80%) of a product with a high protein and fat content with a low fiber content. At the same time, slopes after pneumatic separation (about 20%) can be used for feed purposes. At the same time, taking into account the pronounced color difference between the core and the impurity, photoseparation can be used for fractionation and separation of unbroken seeds. Thus, with relatively small losses, it is possible to significantly improve the quality of the core fraction during the collapse of rapeseed seeds. The isolated kernel is rich in protein (21.7%) and fat (37.4%), but it lacks anti-nutrients, primarily lignin and other phenolic compounds found in the shell of rapeseed seeds.