A Case of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Two Consecutive Naturally Conceived Pregnancies

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a rare, life-threatening complication of assisted fertility treatment. Rarely, overstimulation of the ovaries can occur in naturally conceived pregnancies. However, limited data are available in the literature. A 24-year-old woman, in her first pregnancy, conceived naturally and presented with moderate abdominal pain at 6 weeks of gestation (POG). She was diagnosed with mild OHSS. However, at 10 weeks, she developed a right-sided twisted ovary and an incomplete miscarriage. Nine months later, she conceived again naturally, which was also complicated by OHSS; hence, she received pregnancy care and OHSS management. Her pregnancy was further complicated by preeclampsia. At 35 weeks of POG due to moderate OHSS and preeclampsia, a baby was delivered via caesarean delivery. This reports the early development of OHSS in two consecutive naturally conceived pregnancies. One was complicated with ovarian torsion and spontaneous first-trimester miscarriage, while the second pregnancy ended up with a healthy baby despite the complications of preeclampsia and preterm delivery. Continued surveillance for complications and carrying out timely interventions were crucial components in the management of this case.