Search for an effective system of main tillage for spring barley under modern conditions

Аіm. To study the effect of long-term use of different systems of main tillage and fertilization on the yield of spring barley under modern conditions. Methods. Generally accepted - field, laboratory, mathematical, comparative and calculation. Results. Against the background of mineral fertilizer in the dose of N60P60K60, the highest yield of spring barley (4.13 t/ha) was provided by the shelf (control) system of main tillage. Against the background of organo-mineral fertilizer (with the leaving of the by-products of the predecessor in the field and the application of N30P30K30), the highest barley yield (4.32 t/ha) was obtained under the shelf system, where the profitability was the highest (124%). The use of traditional mineral fertilizer nitroammofoska in a dose of N60P60K60 under spring barley, compared to the new one, where N30P30K30 was applied against the background of leaving straw, is economically unprofitable. Conclusions. Based on the indicators of economic efficiency and yield, the shelf system of the main soil cultivation to a depth of 20–22 cm under spring barley against the background of the use of predecessor straw fertilization with the addition of nitrogen N10 /t of straw and the application of mineral fertilizer at a dose of N30P30K30 can be considered the most favorable, adapted to the crop under the weather and climatic conditions that have developed in recent years. Under the mentioned conditions, the closest to the shelf system is the flat-cut to a depth of 25–27 cm.