Observational analysis showed a significant increase in ionization rates due to GCR changes, indicating implications for space weather forecasting.
Understanding the effect of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) on ionospheric ionization is important for increasing the knowledge of the impact of space weather on the Earth’s atmosphere and technological systems. In this study, the effect of changes in galactic cosmic rays (GCRSs) intensity on ionization rates over Baghdad (33.3°N, 44.4°E) during the 8 June 2024 event, Which is accompanied by a significant increase in GCRs intensity was examined, with a two-day period (6-7 June 2024) before and a two-day period (9-10 June 2024) after the event at three altitudes: 50, 70, and 90 km. Tests were performed using the Corsica model. Data from the Oulu Neutron Observatory showed a significant increase in the GCRs intensity on the day of the event, reaching 5.7%. The results also showed a causal relationship between changes in the intensity of (GCRs) and ionization rates at different altitudes, where the highest ionization rate was at an altitude of 70 km with an ionization rate of 1058.5 ion pair.cm- 3 s −1 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.845 with GCRs. The highest correlation value between ionization rates and the intensity of GCRS was at an altitude of 90 km, with a value of r = 0.941 and an ionization rate of 433.7 ion pair.cm- 3 s −1 . The implications of these results are important for radio communications, aviation safety, space weather forecasting models, and assessment of ionization cloud formation processes.
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Al-Tameemi et al. (2025) studied this question.
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