Observational analysis shows persistent gender inequality in agriculture across Europe, highlighting flaws in EU statistics.
Breaking the grass ceiling: Gender inequality in agriculture Professor Sally Shortall guides us through GRASS CEILING, which brings together 25 partners from across Europe to research gender inequality in agricultural and rural policies. Agriculture is the occupation with the highest levels of gender inequality. (1) This is true globally. Despite considerable advances in gender equality in Europe, patterns of inequality persist. Women rarely inherit land, with the persistence of patrilineal patterns of land transfer. The European Union (EU) sometimes claims that the number of women owning and managing farms in Europe has increased. It is now roughly 30%, but this statistic is very misleading.
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Sally Shortall (2025) studied this question.
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