Coalition Politics in India: A Historical Study

An attempt will be made in this study to examine the many dimensions of Indian coalition polities from a historical standpoint. Political parties with agendas that cater to one or a combination of these groups have emerged as a result of the Indian population’s lack of homogeneity, which generates division among various groups based on religion, geography, language, caste, and race. The Shiv Sen’s pro-Marathi agenda and the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam’s emphasis on the Dravid population are two examples of parties that publicly declare their focus on a certain group. Other parties make claims to be universal, but they usually attract support from specific demographics. For instance, the Rashtriya Janata Dal has a base of support among Bihar’s Muslim and Yadav communities, while the All India Trinamool Congress has little support outside of West Bengal. With the second-most MPs in the 15th Lok Sabha, the Bharatiya Janata party is perceived as being anti-Christian, anti-Muslim, and pro-Hindu. The agenda and policies of these parties are influenced by the support of specific segments of the public, which contradicts their assertions of universal representation. Even in the central government and central legislature, the narrow emphasis and vote-bank politics of the majority of parties obscure national issues like national security and economic welfare. Internal security is also at risk because it is common for political parties to incite and direct violence between two opposed groups of people.