Monitoring and safety assessment of quantum key-distribution satellite Jinan 1

Jinan 1 is the second quantum satellite in China, which was jointly developed by several institutes in China. Its goal is to provide worldwide quantum key distribution from space. Its advantages over satellite Mozi include inexpensiveness of development, light-weight payload, transportable tracking facilities, and so on. As of Nov. 14, 2024, Jinan 1 has been in operation in space for 2 years. In order to make it work safely and securely, there are two important factors to focus on, including orbit evolution and space safety assessment of Jinan 1. The main orbit elements for the satellite Jinan 1, including altitude, inclination eccentricity and inclination, were simulated and analyzed. In addition, based on professional software, the approaching events in space were predicted for Jinan 1 and other space objects. The object HIBER-3 is recommended for the ground mission control center to focus on, which frequently comes closer to satellite Jinan 1.