Foreign experience in forming innovation ecosystems

The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in the formation of innovative ecosystems in modern conditions. The scientific approaches to defining the essence of the concept of "ecosystem" are analyzed. The definitional content of the concept of "innovative ecosystem" is determined, its main components are identified. The features are outlined development of innovation ecosystems based on the analysis of foreign experience, the types, levels and role of universities in promoting the development of such ecosystems are determined. It is argued that since the modern economy is based on technology, universities must also change at a pace unusual for higher education. While maintaining their main mission - training the next generation and developing new forms of knowledge, universities must also ensure a growing role in stimulating innovation and economic development. The experience of leading countries proves that higher education institutions must actively respond to the challenges of the digital revolution and play an increasingly important role in innovation ecosystems and economies. The best foreign practices in promoting the development of innovation ecosystems are studied.