A Comparative Analysis of Eras & Traditional Approaches in Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Background:Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have transformed perioperative care,particularly in elective laparoscopic procedures.Traditional postoperative care involves prolonged fasting, delayed ambulation, and extended hospitalization.In contrast,ERAS emphasizes early nutrition,mobilization, and multimodal analgesia, aiming for faster recovery and reduced complications. Aim: This study aimed to compare ERAS protocols with traditional perioperative care in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, focusing on postoperative pain, length of hospital stays, and total hospitalization cost. Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted over 12 months on 100 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Al-Ameen Medical College and Hospital, Vijayapura. Patients were randomized into two groups: Group A (n=50) managed with ERAS protocols and Group B (n=50) with traditional care. Key parameters such as Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, duration of hospital stay,and cost were recorded.Statistical significance was assessed using t-tests and chi-square tests (p<0.05 considered significant). Results: The ERAS group showed a statistically significant reduction in mean postoperative pain scores, shorter hospital stays, and decreased total hospitalization cost compared to the traditional care group (p<0.05).No significant complications, readmissions,or need for re-surgery were observed in either group. Conclusion: Implementation of ERAS protocols in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy leads to improved clinical outcomes, including reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and cost-effectiveness, thereby enhancing patient satisfaction and recovery