Regularities of structure formation of composite materials based on polystyrene foam and lignin-containing waste

This article discusses issues related to the formation of the structure of composite materials. The effect of using a single-component and combined organic filler in the composition of a composite is studied using IR spectral analysis. The mechanism of π-stacking interaction during the formation of an adhesive shell of a polystyrene foam granule is presented. The process of forming the macrostructure of a composite with the introduction of an organomineral binder is considered. To study the effect of nanosized additives on composites, the results of thermomechanical studies are presented using the method of measuring the deformation of uniaxial compression under the influence of a continuously acting load under conditions of heating the sample at a constant rate. The nature of the influence of modifying polystyrene foam granules on ensuring the dense structure of the material has been established. The introduction of modified polystyrene foam granules causes the ordering of the composite matrix due to the construction of a complex structure-forming system that plays the role of a framework. Based on wood-plant and polystyrene foam fillers, compositions of heat-insulating and structural heat-insulating materials with a density of 250–600 kg/m3, thermal conductivity of 0.035–0.135 W/(moC), compressive strength up to 2.8–4.5 MPa, bending strength up to 1.5–2 MPa were obtained.