Lipids are indispensable molecules that play key roles in cell physiology by acting as structural elements, energy reservoirs, and participants in signal transduction. Recent studies have identified lactylation as a novel post-translational modification crucial for maintaining cellular and tissue equilibrium. Research has shown that lactylation regulates the turnover of proteins and lipids integral to lipid metabolism. However, comprehensive reviews addressing the complex relationship between lactylation and lipid metabolism are lacking. In this review, we summarize current findings regarding the influence of lactylation on lipid metabolism and the regulatory mechanisms. Further exploration of the intricate mechanisms underlying the role of lactylation in lipid metabolism, alongside the development of lactylation-targeted therapies, could provide innovative approaches to manage diseases linked to dysregulated lipid metabolism.
Zhao et al. (2025) studied this question.