A Historical Study on the Use of Indigenous Knowledge by Rural Communities in Sri Lanka to Promote Maternal Health

In the past, elders utilized indigenous knowledge to ensure the health and well-being of pregnant mothers, which contributed to the birth of healthy future generations for the nation. This study examines the historical application of indigenous knowledge in promoting maternal health among rural communities in Sri Lanka. The research problem addressed here is how the indigenous knowledge employed by rural communities contributed to the development of a healthy child population. The primary objective of this study was to investigate how rural communities in Sri Lanka utilize indigenous knowledge in maternal health promotion. Sub-objectives include interpreting the concepts of pregnancy and maternal health, identifying the royal patronage extended to pregnant mothers, investigating community-based care provided in rural areas for maternal well-being, and assessing the impact of these traditional methods on the birth of healthy children within society. A qualitative research methodology was adopted for this study. The focus of the research spans the period of the Sri Lankan monarchy and the era of the southern kingdoms. Indigenous knowledge was applied across various domains nutrition, medicine, clothing, mental health, and emotional well-being, to enhance maternal health. The protection of pregnant mothers became a collective social responsibility. The foundation for this care began from the time of a girl’s first menstruation, and extended to culturally prescribed actions and taboos during pregnancy, as well as rituals and practices meant to protect the unborn child. This study brings to light a wealth of significant information regarding such customs. It ultimately concludes that the indigenous knowledge employed by rural Sri Lankan communities had a clear and positive impact on the nation’s ability to nurture a healthy future generation.