Synthesis, Characterization And Biological Evaluation Of Galactose-Based Triazole Derivatives

Triazole-linked glycosyl derivatives have gained significant attention in medicinal chemistry due to their remarkable stability, biocompatibility, and biological activity. In this study, we successfully synthesized a galactose-containing triazole derivative using the well-established copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction, a cornerstone of click chemistry renowned for its efficiency and precision. The synthesis began with the tosylation and azidation of D-galactose, converting it into an azido-galactose intermediate. This intermediate was then reacted with a propargyl-functionalized alkyne derivative under mild and controlled reaction conditions, resulting in a 1,4-disubstituted triazole derivative with excellent regioselectivity and high purity. The resulting compound was thoroughly characterized using ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry, each confirming the successful formation of the triazole ring and the preservation of the galactose moiety. Subsequent biological activity assays revealed that the compound exhibited notable antimicrobial and anticancer properties, underlining the crucial interplay between the galactose moiety and the triazole scaffold in enhancing biological activity. This work underscores the power of click chemistry in designing and synthesizing bioactive glycosylated compounds with precision and efficiency. The findings highlight the potential of triazole-galactose derivatives as promising candidates for further pharmacological research and therapeutic applications. Moving forward, we aim to optimize synthetic protocols and explore broader biological applications to unlock the full potential of these versatile molecular architectures.