Fasting lipid profile test in anaemic patients attending Madonna University Teaching Hospital (MUTH)

Abnormalities in fasting lipid profile level on patients with anaemia is significant due the abnormal, rigid, shape of the blood cell (haemoglobin). This occurs as a result of the mutation of the haemoglobin gene, particularly due to iron deficiency during adolescence leading to impairment of physical, mental, behavioural and cognitive development. Anaemia is a global health issue and also undergraduate students come under vulnerable group that suffers this disease condition. This study is aimed on determining the lipid level in anaemic patients studying in Madonna University Teaching Hospital Rivers State. A total of 100 (one hundred) samples were collected from both anaemic and non-anaemic patients in both genders. There was significant positive strength of association of haemoglobin with the lipid, which included the total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides. Thus, this study showed a significant strength of association between the haemoglobin level and the lipid profile parameters. Lipid profile was analysed using enzymatic methods. Results obtained were analyzed statically using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 for windows 7. The results were expressed as mean ± S.D. Data obtained from this study were analyzed using independent sample t-test which was used to compare means, and values were considered significant at p<0.05 and non-significant at p>0.05. The result shows a significant increase (P<0.05) in the mean values between the test and the control in the TCH and LDL when compared between their groups (4.4±0.59-4.9±0.67) and (2.8±0.543.3±0.84) respectively. There was little or no significant (p>0.05) change in TG and HDL values between the test and the control (1.1±0.26-1.2±0.36) and (1.0±0.31-1.1±0.36) respectively. Patients with anaemia can develop liver disease as a result of intrahepatic sickling of erythrocytes, viral hepatitis and iron overload secondary to multiple blood transfusions and gallstone disease as a result of chronic haemolysis.