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September 10, 2025Azja-PacyfikOpen Access

The Clash of Civilizations and their Coexistence: Matteo Ricci’s “TIANZHU SHIYI” and the Catholicism of the Joseon dynasty

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Catholicism faced mass persecution in Joseon, leading to the deaths of over 10,000 martyrs during the century.
The acceptance of Ricci’s ideas marked a significant tension between Neo-Confucianism and Catholic beliefs.
The conceptualization of Shangdi by Ricci was seen as a Confucian adaptation of Christianity among Joseon intellectuals.
The evolution of Catholicism in Joseon transitioned from elite adoption to a broader folk religion among women and lower classes.

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Historical analysis of Catholic adaptation in Joseon highlights the clash of civilizations and rejection of ancestral rites.

Haesung Lee (2024) studied this question.

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