Effect of vitamin D on postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this paper was to determine whether vitamin D supplementation reduces the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from inception through May 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of Vitamin D in preventing atrial fibrillation among postoperative patients after CABG. The primary outcome extracted was the incidence of atrial fibrillation after Vitamin D in CABG patients. Secondary outcome included the length of hospital stay. Data were pooled using a random-effect model. A total of 4 RCTs, involving 694 patients, were included in the final analysis. The results showed that Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of POAF in CABG patients (RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.76; P=0.0003; I2=1%). However, administration of Vitamin D did not lead to significant reduction in the length of hospital stay (WMD: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.82 to 0.53; P=0.68; I2=34%). Our updated pooled analysis concludes that vitamin D reduces the incidence of POAF in CABG patients. Future large-scale studies should focus on more diverse patient populations and explore a broader range of outcomes to better understand the full impact of Vitamin D supplementation in this context.