Vitamin D supplementation among postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aims: To determine whether vitamin D supplementation reduces the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods and Results: PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from inception through May 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effectiveness of Vitamin D in preventing atrial fibrillation among postoperative patients after CABG. The primary outcome extracted was the incidence of atrial fibrillation after Vitamin D in CABG patients. Secondary outcome included the length of hospital stay. Data were pooled using a random-effect model. A total of 4 RCTs, including 694 patients, were included in the final analysis. The results showed that Vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of POAF in CABG patients (RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.40 to 0.76; P = 0.0003; I 2 = 1%). However, administration of Vitamin D did not lead to significant reduction in the length of hospital stay (WMD: − 0.14; 95% CI: − 0.82 to 0.53; P = 0.68; I 2 = 34%). Conclusion: Our updated pooled analysis concludes that Vitamin D reduces the incidence of POAF in CABG patients. Future large-scale studies should focus on more diverse patient populations and explore a broader range of outcomes to better understand the full impact of Vitamin D supplementation in this context.