September 12, 2025Fertility and SterilityOpen Access

Polycystic ovary syndrome and elevated body mass index independently increase type 2 diabetes risk with obesity-mediated risk dominating: a real-world data analysis of US patients

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Retrospective cohort shows increased type 2 diabetes incidence in women with PCOS and obesity, suggesting significant health implications.

Women with PCOS had a 9.2% three-year incidence of type 2 diabetes, significantly higher than the 6.0% in non-PCOS controls.
The adjusted hazard ratio for diabetes in PCOS patients was 1.47, indicating a greater risk compared to controls.
Cumulative incidence rates over 15 years were 34.3% in the PCOS group versus 22.6% in non-PCOS individuals.
BMI differences accounted for increased diabetes risk, with an additional hazard ratio of 1.87 associated with higher BMI.

Sharafutdinov et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Retrospective cohort shows increased type 2 diabetes incidence in women with PCOS and obesity, suggesting significant health implications.