Effects of lithium on seed germination and plant growth indices in Solanum lycopersicum

A non-essential trace element referred to as "white gold" is lithium (Li). According to its concentration, it either promotes or inhibits plant development. The current study analyses the fresh and dried weights, morphological traits and germination of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae) plant growth characteristics and seed germination of Li-spiked soil at five different concentrations (10ppm, 25ppm, 50ppm, 75ppm and 100ppm). The experiment yielded the following results for Li at all concentrations: Germination index (GRI), Mean daily germination (MDG), Mean germination time (MGT), Final germination percentage (FGP), Germination value (GV) and Stress tolerance index (STI). The experimental results revealed that all S. lycopersicum germination parameters were impacted by the higher concentrations of Li in the soil. The root and shoot length in S. lycopersicum decreased with increasing concentrations of Li. Further, it was found that as Li concentrations rose, S. lycopersicum's root and shoot lengths shrank. Additionally, the stress tolerance index estimation demonstrated that lower concentrations of Li stimulated plant growth and increased biomass at higher concentrations.