What type of study is this?

This is a Cross-Sectional Study study.

September 12, 2025Open Access

Blood, Hair, and Nail as Biomarkers of Arsenic Exposure among Leather Industry Workers in Sialkot

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Cross-sectional study compares blood, hair, and nail arsenic in tannery workers and controls, indicating blood is most reliable biomarker.

Blood showed the highest differentiation in arsenic levels between workers and controls, indicating it as a strong biomarker.
Mean arsenic level in blood was 0.246 µg/dL for workers versus 1.622 µg/dL for controls, showing significant difference.
The study employed a cross-sectional comparative design analyzing blood, hair, and nails for arsenic quantification.
Implementation of blood arsenic monitoring could enhance occupational health surveillance for leather workers.

Hameed et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Cross-sectional study compares blood, hair, and nail arsenic in tannery workers and controls, indicating blood is most reliable biomarker.