A novel single-layer DoFP polarization imaging system incorporating metasurface-based spectral routing

Polarization imaging is essential in remote sensing, biomedical imaging, and computational photography. Traditional division-of-focal-plane polarization imaging relies on stacked micropolarizer arrays and color filter arrays, leading to increased device thickness, low light utilization efficiency, and limited integration density. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a single-layer sparse division-of-focal-plane polarization imaging architecture, which integrates metasurface spectral-routing technology with subwavelength metallic gratings. Using an inverse-design optimization method based on a genetic algorithm, we develop a metasurface spectral router that achieves balanced spectral separation efficiency under multi-directional polarized illumination. Numerical simulations show that the proposed design enhances optical efficiency to more than twice that of traditional color filter arrays-based division-of-focal-plane polarization imaging system, while the subwavelength Aluminum grating arrays exhibits certain linear polarization filtering performance.