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This is a Experimental Study study.

September 16, 2025BuildingsOpen Access

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Impact of Multi-Line TBM Tunneling in Fractured Zones on Building Deformation

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Settlement induced by TBM excavation peaks at the center and diminishes laterally, adding to building deformation.
Research shows that differential settlement and building torsion are amplified near fractured zones due to tunneling effects.
Tunnel depth and building-tunnel relative position significantly influence building settlement, guiding deformation control strategies.
Crown grouting is highlighted as the most effective reinforcement strategy to minimize deformation in complex geological conditions.

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Experimental and numerical analysis reveals how multi-line TBM tunneling affects building deformation in fractured zones.

Wu et al. (2025) studied this question.

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