Unveiling critical factors of test automation adoption in software testing

This paper aims to observe the adoption of test automation in Indonesia and examine the determining factors that influence the use of this technology in organizations. The study focuses on five critical factors: technology acceptance model, task-technology fit, managerial support (MS), individual performance, and organizational performance. A survey of 109 QA community members was conducted to collect data, and partial least squares structural equation modeling was used for data processing. Based on the study, Selenium is the top test automation framework used for organizations in Indonesia, followed by Appium and Postman. The result showed that out of twelve (12) examined relationships, nine (9) of them were accepted. This data indicates the strong influence of task technology fit (TTF), computer self-efficacy (CSE), perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and MS towards behavioral intention and actual use of test automation. Additionally, the actual use of test automation was found to have a positive impact on individual and organizational performance. The study contributes valuable insights for decision-makers by identifying critical factors influencing automation adoption and offers a replicable methodology for evaluating similar technologies.