Isolation of two new isomers of fusarin D from Fusarium sp. G10, an endophytic fungus of Iris japonica

Fusarium species are globally distributed filamentous fungi with a variety of bioactive compounds. Six fusarins (1 - 6), including two new isomers of fusarin D (5 and 6), along with six known terpenoids (7 - 12), were isolated from the endophytic fungus Fusarium sp. G10, which was derived from Iris japonica Thunb. The structures of all compounds were elucidated using various spectroscopic techniques, and their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were assessed. Compounds 2 and 3 demonstrated selective inhibitory effects on the DU145 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 17.74 to 36.66 µM. Additionally, compound 11 demonstrated weak inhibitory activity against bacterial strains, with MIC values of 32 and 64 μg/mL.