Retrospective analysis reveals DCE-MRI identifies acute rectal injury effectively, suggesting it as a reliable non-invasive alternative to endoscopy.
Motivation: The postoperative anastomotic fistula of rectal cancer is affected by radiation proctitis. Radiation proctitis is mainly evaluated by endoscopy, which is invasive and subjective. Goal(s): To investigate the value of DCE-MRI parameters in diagnosising acute radiation-induced rectal injury. Approach: In a retrospective analysis, DCE-MRI parameters of rectal wall in 49 patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were measured and compared with the evaluation of Vienna endoscopy. Results: Ktrans in patients with acute RRI was significantly lower compared to those without acute RRI, with a AUC of 0.80. Impact: DCE-MRI is an appropriate non-invasive imaging technique for diagnosing acute RRI in patients with rectal cancer.
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Fan et al. (2025) studied this question.
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