Therapeutic Use of Integrin Signaling in Melanoma Cells: Physical Link with the Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

Extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules play a vital role in the regulation of cellular phenotype. Ongoing interactions of the extracellular matrix and cells via surface receptors can affect the cellular behavior selectively or non-selectively. Under physiological conditions, the ECM-cell interactions are essential for ensuring balance, whereas the dysregulation of these interactions can lead to the onset of diseases. Extensive knowledge of the integrins with two non-covalently linked α and β subunits plays a vital role in cell–cell adhesion and ECM interactions. The identification of a key adhesion signaling pathway may lead to new therapeutic strategies targeting melanoma cells. This review highlights the potential role of integrins as a selective target in melanoma therapy, which would reduce side effects and increase the effects of the treatment.