Analysis reveals that fan engagement behavior and stadium attendance influence flourishing, suggesting pathways to enhance well-being.
Research question: In spectator sport, a series of psychological mechanisms (e.g. basic need fulfilment, team identification, and meaning in life) for enhancing well-being have been identified as bottom-up effects. However, research on the potential behavioural bottom-up effects underlying the relationship between sport spectatorship and well-being is lacking. This study focused on human flourishing, defined as positive psychosocial functioning in life, and examined the relationships between fan engagement behaviour, stadium attendance frequency, and flourishing using time-lagged data.
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Yoshida et al. (2025) studied this question.
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