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September 23, 2025Medical academic journal

Changes in the spectrum of extracellular vesicles produced by THP-1 cells during polarization toward M1 or M2 macrophages

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Authors

DSD. B. SamburFederal Almazov North-West Medical Research CentreOKOlga KalininaFederal Almazov North-West Medical Research CentreAAArthur AquinoFederal Almazov North-West Medical Research Centre

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Overview

This analysis compares extracellular vesicle production by THP-1 cells polarized to M1 or M2 macrophages, indicating the effect of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate on composition and quantity.

Key Points

  • High-dose phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate activation induces enhanced extracellular vesicle production from THP-1 cells, particularly during M1 polarization.
  • Distinct clusters based on gene expression profiles were observed in THP-1 cells across various activation and polarization treatments.
  • Extracellular vesicles produced under M1 conditions exhibited a larger size and higher expression of specific receptors compared to those from M2 polarization.
  • The study highlights how the composition and production of extracellular vesicles vary significantly depending on the polarization direction and activation conditions.

Cite This Study

Sambur et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68d4726431b076d99fa6b7dahttps://doi.org/10.17816/maj639999
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