This analysis finds new charmonium resonances and predicts mass spectra and decay properties, suggesting significant implications for their physical understanding.
In this work, we investigate the mass spectra of excited charmonia employing a nonrelativistic potential model with screening effect and analyze their two-body strong decays, two-photon decays, leptonic decays, and hadronic transitions. Especially, we find that the newly observed resonances <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:mi>X</a:mi><a:mo stretchy="false">(</a:mo><a:mn>4160</a:mn><a:mo stretchy="false">)</a:mo></a:math>, <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><e:mi>Y</e:mi><e:mo stretchy="false">(</e:mo><e:mn>4500</e:mn><e:mo stretchy="false">)</e:mo></e:math>, and <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><i:mi>Y</i:mi><i:mo stretchy="false">(</i:mo><i:mn>4710</i:mn><i:mo stretchy="false">)</i:mo></i:math> can be identified as <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><m:msup><m:mn>3</m:mn><m:mn>3</m:mn></m:msup><m:msub><m:mi>P</m:mi><m:mn>0</m:mn></m:msub></m:math>, <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><o:msup><o:mn>3</o:mn><o:mn>3</o:mn></o:msup><o:msub><o:mi>D</o:mi><o:mn>1</o:mn></o:msub></o:math>, and <q:math xmlns:q="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><q:msup><q:mn>4</q:mn><q:mn>3</q:mn></q:msup><q:msub><q:mi>D</q:mi><q:mn>1</q:mn></q:msub></q:math> states, respectively. We also predict the masses and the widths of higher excited states in the charmonia family.
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Cui et al. (2025) studied this question.
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