The silent connection: anxiety, depression, and thyroid nodules explored

This research investigates the prevalence of thyroid nodules and their association with anxiety and depression disorders in Eastern China. It also investigates the potential factors influencing this relationship, focusing on demographics and thyroid function. As part of the SPECT-China project, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 5497 participants from both urban and rural regions in Shanghai, Zhejiang, and Jiangxi provinces. Participants received thyroid ultrasonography and laboratory tests for thyroid function, while their mental health was evaluated using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, Student's T-test, Chi-square test, and logistic regression. The study found a high prevalence of TNs (57.5%) among participants, with a higher incidence in females, older individuals, and those with lower education levels. Anxiety and depression disorders were diagnosed in 4.8% and 5.2% of participants, respectively, with higher rates in females and older individuals. Logistic regression analysis, controlling for age and gender, showed no significant link between TNs and anxiety or depression disorders in the general population. However, a significant association was observed in females. No significant correlation was identified between thyroid function (as measured by TSH levels) and the presence of TNs or mental disorders. Thyroid nodules are prevalent in Eastern China, particularly among females, older individuals, and those with lower education. TNs show a significant correlation with anxiety and depression disorders in females, although not in the general population. This study emphasizes the significance of examining gender differences in the link between thyroid nodules and mental health, and calls for additional research in this domain.