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September 27, 2025Open Access

Oral L-arginine cures arginase 1-dependent chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis by redirecting the T helper cell response

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Oral L-arginine reduces parasite burden and enhances T helper cell response in cutaneous leishmaniasis, suggesting a new host-directed therapy.

L-arginine treatment led to significant reduction in chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis symptoms and no clinical relapses.
Mice receiving oral L-arginine showed enhanced T cell expansion and a notable decrease in parasitic presence.
Deletion of arginase 1 in myeloid cells improved immune response and reduced disease chronicity.
Findings in mouse models correspond with cytokine expression patterns observed in human leishmaniasis patients.

Rai et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Oral L-arginine reduces parasite burden and enhances T helper cell response in cutaneous leishmaniasis, suggesting a new host-directed therapy.