What type of study is this?

This is a Cross-Sectional Study study.

Evaluation of Pulmonary Function Changes in Smokers versus Non-Smokers Using Spirometry

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Cross-sectional study evaluates pulmonary function metrics in smokers and non-smokers, indicating significant impairments in smokers.

Smokers exhibit significantly reduced mean FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratios compared to non-smokers.
Lower peak expiratory flow rates were found in smokers, highlighting lung function impairment.
Obstructive airway patterns were observed more frequently in smokers than in non-smokers.
A significant inverse correlation exists between pack-years and pulmonary function indices in smokers.

Adil et al. (2025) studied this question.

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