The application of artificial intelligence technologies in the resilience and the viability of supply chains: a systematic literature review

The viability and resilience of supply chains (SC) are challenged by frequent shocks, including natural or environmental disasters, sanitary or healthcare crises, economic or political instability, cyber-attacks, and wars. These issues connect to sustainability and Industry 5.0. While digital technologies expand potential responses, the specific role of artificial intelligence (AI) remains under-assessed. This paper reviews that role through a systematic literature review of articles in highly ranked journals. Using the TCCM protocol, we map theories, contexts, characteristics, and methodologies, identifying leading theories, focal contexts, key variables, and common methods. Findings show a wide range of theories and risks, with a focus on economic, healthcare, and environmental risks. Prominent theories include dynamic capabilities, fuzzy set theory, and organisational information processing theory (OIPT). Research often targets manufacturing, electronics, and food industries, and relies largely on quantitative methods. We outline current gaps and propose future research avenues to improve adaptability and sustainability in SC.