Management of osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) occasionally have osteoporosis as a comorbidity. This condition is brought on by glucocorticoid medication, decreased mobility, chronic inflammation, and other disease-related causes. This narrative review aimed to provide an overview of the most recent data regarding pharmacological treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis patients with osteoporosis. Through reviewing the research published during the last 15 years, a thorough search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was carried out. According to the literature, rheumatoid arthritis patients are far more likely than the general population to experience fragility fractures and decreased bone mineral density. Early screening with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, rheumatoid arthritis disease control optimization, sufficient calcium and vitamin D intake, lifestyle changes, and pharmaceutical treatments like bisphosphonates, denosumab, and parathyroid hormone analogs are all examples of effective management techniques. Optimizing patient outcomes requires multidisciplinary care from physiotherapists, endocrinologists, and rheumatologists. For best results, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis management must be integrated, as well as patient education and adherence techniques. Early detection and personalized treatment of osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients can significantly lower the fracture risk, preserve functional independence, and enhance the quality of life.