Therapeutic Effect of Tannic Acid Mediated Antibacterial ZnO Nanoparticles for Wound Healing in ICU Care — In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Studies

A novel class of antibacterial substances has emerged as a result of the size and structure of metal nanoparticles. The study outlines a green method to produce Zinc oxide nanoparticles, with aqueous tannic acid functioning dual roles: as a capping agent and a structural director. The resulting ZnO NPs underwent detailed characterization through a variety of microscopic and spectroscopic methods, followed by investigations into their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects, all aiming to evaluate their potential future role in wound healing. scanning transmission electron microscope images revealed that prepared ZnO NPs are about 8±2 nm in size without any aggregation. Comparative studies of the anti-inflammatory abilities of ZnO NPs and a standard drug revealed the nanoparticles to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activity at elevated concentrations (100 mL-1), with a 73% inhibition rate when compared with the diclofenac sodium drug. This led to the conclusion that ZnO is compatible with diclofenac sodium. Furthermore, the manufactured ZnO NPs showcased effective antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Enhanced antibacterial activity was attributed to the surface tannic acid, which possibly influence the release of Zn2+ ions and the generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Additional examination with 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell viability analysis on fibroblast cells confirmed an improvement in biocompatibility showing that more than 90% of cell viability, as evidenced by the growth of the fibroblast cells. In summary, the findings indicate that the biosynthesized ZnO NPs, which were synthesized using tannic acid, have significant potential for future use in wound care, particularly in ICU care.