Efficacy of Various Insecticides for Controlling Aedes Aegypti, The Primary Vector of Dengue Fever, Tehsil Adenzai, District Dir Lower

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of various insecticides for controlling Aedes aegypti, the primary vector of dengue fever, in Tehsil Adenzai, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, during the 2024 outbreak. Mosquitoes were collected from key breeding sites such as stagnant water pools, tree trunks, and domestic containers. Insecticides tested included Cypermethrin, Resmethrin, Sumithrin, Tau-fluvalinate, Allethrins, and Permethrin. Mosquito mortality was monitored at intervals of 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours using a bottle bioassay method. The results showed that Cypermethrin was the most effective insecticide, achieving a 92% mortality rate at 120 hours, followed by Tau-fluvalinate (90%) and Resmethrin (78%). Sumithrin demonstrated variable effectiveness, with a notable decline in mortality at 72 hours before rising again. Allethrins showed a steady increase in mortality, reaching 88% at 120 hours, while Permethrin was found to be largely ineffective, with only a 14% mortality rate. These findings highlight the importance of using effective insecticides such as Cypermethrin and Resmethrin for immediate mosquito control and suggest incorporating Tau-fluvalinate and Allethrins in a rotating insecticide strategy. The study also emphasizes the need for integrated vector management, combining chemical control with environmental management and public education to prevent mosquito breeding and sustain effective control in dengue-endemic areas.