The Study of Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Profile of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with rising prevalence worldwide,especially in India.Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accounts for the majority of cases and is associated with severe microvascular and macrovascular complications. This study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical, and laboratory profile of T2DM patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital.A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Krishna Hospital,Karad,over 18 months, including 100 OPD and IPD patients meeting inclusion criteria. Data on demographics, clinical history, anthropometry, and laboratory parameters such as fasting blood sugar, postprandial sugar, HbA1c, lipid profile, hemoglobin,urea,and creatinine were collected and analyzed using SPSS 21.The mean age was 62.08 years,with female predominance (60%). Most were housewives (38%) and farmers (34%), with an average diabetes duration of 14.29 years. Poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7%) was noted in 59% of patients. Dyslipidemia was frequent, with 52% having abnormal LDL and 28% elevated total cholesterol, while anemia (Hb <12 g/dL) was present in 54%. Complications included retinopathy (14%) and microalbuminuria (28%). The study highlights poor glycemic control and frequent metabolic complications,emphasizing the need for comprehensive evaluation and better management strategies.