The use of unmanned ships in the NATO Baltic Sentry operation

The study examines the deployment of unmanned ships in NATO’s «Baltic Sentry» operation, launched in 2025 to safeguard underwater infrastructure in the Baltic Sea. The research aims to assess the technical capabilities, strategic applications, and international legal implications of integrating autonomous maritime systems in this region. Its scientific significance lies in addressing a timely topic amid the evolution of naval technologies, while its practical relevance stems from the need to adapt legal frameworks to emerging challenges. The methodology relies on a systematic analysis of modern drone specifications, their integration with other systems, and the regulatory framework governing navigation. Findings reveal that these technologies enhance regional control but introduce risks of conflict escalation, environmental hazards, and legal ambiguity. The study contributes to understanding the interplay between autonomous systems and conventional forces, highlighting the urgent need for international standards to ensure their safe use. Its practical value lies in providing a foundation for developing regulatory solutions to mitigate geopolitical and ecological risks in enclosed maritime areas, which is critical for regional stability.