This method quantifies β-blockers in human urine, suggesting an eco-friendly extraction process using biosolvents.
Herein, a biosolvent-based liquid–liquid microextraction method utilizing menthol as the extraction medium is proposed for the isolation and quantification of selected β-blockers (propranolol and carvedilol) in human urine.
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Nisyriou et al. (2025) studied this question.
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